The argument about Wikipedia versus Britannica continues to rage in libraryland. The questions are about authority and the likelihood of outright deception, of course, and a recent round brought up the limitations of peer review as exemplified in the 1989 cold fusion controversy, where two scientists claimed to have achieved a nuclear fusion reaction at room temperature. Randy Souther, from the University of San Francisco, asked us to look more carefully:
FYI, cold fusion in 1989 was a media fiasco, but not a fraud. The research is still controversial, but continues today with publications in more than 50 peer-reviewed journals. But you would never realize this by reading Britannica’s one-paragraph article, which is stuck in 1989; Wikipedia’s gives a reasonable overview, and is up-to-date.
So I looked. Here’s the 175 words the Encyclopeadia Britannica Online used to cover the matter:
The fusion of two atomic nuclei at cool temperatures is referred to as cold fusion. Nuclear fusion has been an important area of study in nuclear physics since the 1940s, and from that time, researchers have pursued the possibility of harnessing fusion, which can produce huge amounts of energy from mere hydrogen with minimal radioactive waste, for the generation of electricity. The main obstacle to practical applications of nuclear fusion is that atoms must be heated to tens of millions of degrees Celsius in order to combine at sufficiently high rates. In 1989, however, chemists B. Stanley Pons and Martin Fleischmann claimed to have fused atoms of deuterium, which is also called heavy hydrogen because its mass is twice that of ordinary hydrogen, in a simple electric cell at room temperature. The experiment generated great excitement in the scientific community, but other scientists were unable to duplicate Pons and Fleischmann’s results, and their findings were ultimately discredited. Despite skepticism among most nuclear fusion experts, some researchers continue to study the possibility of cold fusion.
And here’s just the introduction to the Wikipedia article:
Cold fusion is the name for a nuclear fusion reaction that occurs well below the temperature required for thermonuclear reactions (millions of degrees Celsius). Such reactions may occur near room temperature and atmospheric pressure, and even in a relatively small (table top) experiment. In a narrower sense, “cold fusion” also refers to a particular type of fusion supposedly occurring in electrolytic cells.
The term “cold fusion” was coined by Dr Paul Palmer of Brigham Young University in 1986 in an investigation of “geo-fusion”, or the possible existence of fusion in a planetary core. It was brought into popular consciousness by the controversy surrounding the Fleischmann-Pons experiment in March of 1989. A number of other scientists have reported replication of their experimental observation of anomalous heat generation in electrolytic cells, but in a non-predictable way, and most scientists believe that there is no proof of cold fusion in these experiments. A majority of scientists consider this research to be pseudoscience, while proponents argue that they are conducting valid experiments in a protoscience that challenges mainstream thinking.
The subject has been of scientific interest since nuclear fusion was first understood. Hot nuclear fusion using deuterium yields large amounts of energy, uses an abundant fuel source, and produces only small amounts of manageable waste; thus a cheap and simple process of nuclear fusion would have great economic impact. Unfortunately, no “cold” fusion experiments that gave an otherwise unexplainable net release of energy have so far been reproducible.
Wordcounts don’t measure quality, but Wikipedia’s 247 word introduction seems much more useful than Britannica’s entire article. More importantly, I like this article as an example of how Wikipedia handles controversy. We’ve seen controversy in articles about charged political or social issues, but I think it’s much easier for most readers to look at this one without feeling for the issue at hand.
Separately… They’re both online, but which one is easier to read? Which one best takes advantage of the medium?
And for those who are interested in cold fusion, Randy (who’s Joyce Carol Oats website rocks) suggested two books on the matter for further reading:
controversy, authority, wikipedia, encyclopedia britannica, encyclopeadia britannica, britannica, encyclopedia, encyclopedias, cold fusion
Posted January 5, 2006 by Casey Bisson
Categories: Libraries & Networked Information, Technology. Tags: authority, Britannica, cold fusion, controversy, encyclopeadia britannica, encyclopedia, encyclopedia britannica, encyclopedias, wikipedia.
1 Comment(s)
No comments yet.
Comments RSS
TrackBack Identifier URI
Leave a comment
User contributed tags for this post:
grizzly man controversy (10) - google earth controversy (9) - britannica on wikipedia (8) - gogle eyes (7) - controversies surrounding peer pressure (7) - Controversy surrounding Wikipedia (6) - cold fusion energy Wikipedia (6) - wikipedia earthmap (6) - encyclopeadia britannica (6) - britannica and i (5) - peer pressure controversy (5) - cold fusion controversy (5) - fusion (5) - arguments for nuclear fusion (5) - Nuclear Fusion Controversy (5) - hacking cold fusion reactor (4) - WWW.REAL SEXS.COM (4) - gogle wikipedia (4) - cold fusion wikipedia (4) - Google earth Controversy surrounding the The google ear (4) - wikipedia controversy britannica (4) - Google encyclopeadia (4) - aebn wikipedia (4) - britannica controversy (4) - all (4) - cold fusion (4) - Nuclear Fusion (4) - nuclear fusion\photo (4) - reading britannica (3) - wikipedia britannica controversy (3) - grizzly man wikipedia (3) - wikipedia nuclear fusion (3) - www.sexe sexs.com (3) - controversies of peer pressure (3) - google eart fusion (3) - Gogle Earthmap (3) - britannica movie (3) - wikipedia controversial (3) - What are some of the different controversies surrounding peer pressure? (2) - coldfusion controversy (2) - controversies about peer pressure (2) - hot film (2) - www.real sex.com (2) - coldfusion movie (2) - http///wwwindia net com (2) - cold fusion economic impact (2) - coldfusion experiment (2) - Cold fusion film (2) - controversies in peer pressure (2) - COLDFUSION ECONOMICAL (2) - coldfusion research (2) - hot video com (2) - cold fusion nuclear 2007 (2) - britannica fraud (2) - controversies and peer pressure (2) - about (2) - wikipedia controversy sex (2) - wikipedia replication san (2) - controversies on peer pressure (2) - looking for encyclopedia britannica (2) - britannica encyclopeadia (2) - encyclopedia britannica (2) - at.sexs (2) - at sexs (2) - wikipedia ERTH (2) - peer pressure controversies (2) - wiki thermonuclear temperature (2) - wikipedia barstow (2) - satellite look on erth (2) - wikipedia vs britannica statics (2) - Britannica and Wikipedia (2) - wikipedia 89 com (2) - cold fusion 2006 (2) - cold fusion reactions (2) - cold nuclear fusion Wikipedia (2) - gogle temperature (2) - cold fusion experiment replication (2) - controversy and encyclopedias (2) - britannica movie trailer (2) - wikipedia cold fusion (2) - political controversy wikipedia (2) - Britannica Fusion (2) - google earth and the controversy surrounding it (2) - cold reaction (2) - looking for controversy in science (2) - controversy of nuclear fusion (2) - wikipedia coldfusion (2) - grizzly man controversial (2) - tens gogle (2) - wikipedia cold (2) - cold fusion blog deuterium (2) - cold fusion movie songs (2) - gogle earth combines (2) - nuclear fusion controversial (2) - cold fusion controversial (2) - economic impacts nuclear fusion (2) - wikipedia controversies (1) - nuclear fusion wiki (1) - nuclear fusion, wikipedia (1) - banglasex.song (1) - wikipedia impact on britannica (1) - www.moresexfilms.at (1) - cold fusion wiki (1) - britanica and wikipedia (1) - COLD fusion-MOVIE (1) - w w w real looking for sexe video.com (1) - information fusion controversies (1) - difference controversies about peer pressure (1) - wikipedia versus traditional encyclopedias article by Joyce (1) - wikipedia coldfusion open source (1) - sexs experiment (1) - controversy with coldfusion (1) - coldfusion economical impact (1) - pons fleischmann wikipedia (1) - sexe-video.com (1) - big mac controversy 1989 (1) - sexs pons (1) - cold nuclear fusion obstacles (1) - http://www.google.com/webhp?start=0&ie=utf (1) - coldfusion in 1989 (1) - hot sexs.com (1) - photograph pons and fleischmann (1) - ECONOMIC IMPACT OF COLD FUSION (1) - coldfusion Fleischmann (1) - the controversy that wikipedia went thru (1) - nuclear fusion impact economy (1) - controversy and peer pressure (1) - controversy surrounding peer pressure (1) - coldfusion movie music (1) - Fleischmann & Pons photo (1) - nuclear fusion wikipedia (1) - Photo of Fleishmann y Pons cold fusion (1) - I want to see Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons photo (1) - AT SEXS.COM (1) - wikipedia research controversy (1) - bangla hot music.com (1) - coldfusion, trinoble (1) - sex vedio controversy (1) - wwwcom,89 libraries (1) - wikipedia political controversy (1) - nuclear Cold Fusion (1) - peer pressure in barstow statistics (1) - wikipedia versus britannica online technology (1) - cold fusion controversies (1) - controvesies surrounging peer pressure (1) - B. Stanley Pons photo (1) - wwwIndia results.com. (1) - Fleishmann y Pons cold fusion photo (1) - controversy in peer pressure (1) - www.real-sex.com (1) -
